' + AltPronEN(intIPA) + '.
'); } function PAltPronVulEN(intIPA) { return ('' + AltPronVulEN(intIPA) + '.
'); } function TerminusEN(intEN, intDE, intPA) { return ('The term ' + intEN + ' in other languages: Persian: ' + intPA + ', German: ' + intDE + '
'); } var ENmsgaadjin = 'Because the infinitive /ɒʤestæn/ آجستن means "to crop" (e. g. in /bɒɣ-e næv-ɒʤestæ/ باغِ نوآجسته = "new corped garden"), /ʃæmʔ-ɒʤin/ شمعآجین and /tir-ɒʤin/ تیرآجین can be derivied from this nominal participle.
'; var ENmsgKVdh1 = '1•b•a. (exchange of the phoneme /d/ د into the allophone [ð] ذ when it is placed after a vowel, in the archaic Persian (until the Mongolian era) as combinative variation)'; var ENmsgKVdh = 'See ' + ENmsgKVdh1 +'.
'; var ENmsgFVav1 = '1•b•b. (exchange of the phoneme string /æv/ into the allophone [ow] as free variation in the modern, more western idioms (particularly in the standard language of Iran), if these two phonemes are placed within the same syllable)'; var ENmsgFVav = 'See ' + ENmsgFVav1 + '.
'; var ENmsgKVmf1 = '1•b•a. (exchange of the consonant /m/ in front of the consonant /f/ into the allophone [ɱ] as combinative variation)'; var ENmsgKVmf = 'See ' + ENmsgKVmf1 + '.
'; var ENmsgKVmv1 = '1•b•a. (exchange of the consonant /m/ in front of the consonant /v/ into the allophone [ɱ] as combinative variation)'; var ENmsgKVmv = 'See ' + ENmsgKVmv1 +'.
'; var ENmsgKVng1 = '1•b•a. (exchange of the consonant /n/ in front of the consonant /g/ into the allophone [ŋ] as combinative variation)'; var ENmsgKVng = 'See ' + ENmsgKVng1 +'.
'; var ENmsgKVnk1 = '1•b•a. (exchange of the consonant /n/ in front of the consonant /k/ into the allophone [ŋ] as combinative variation)'; var ENmsgKVnk = 'See ' + ENmsgKVnk1 +'.
'; var ENmsgKVnq1 = '1•b•a. (exchange of the consonant /n/ in front of the consonant /ɣ/ into the allophone [ŋ̠] as combinative variation)'; var ENmsgKVnq = 'See ' + ENmsgKVnq1 +'.
'; var ENmsgKVaj1 = '1•b•a. (exchange of the vowel /æ/ in front of the consonant /j/ into the allophone [e] as combinative variation in the modern, more western idioms (particularly in the standard language of Iran))'; var ENmsgKVaj = 'See ' + ENmsgKVaj1 + '.
'; var ENmsgFVae1 = '1•b•b. (exchange of the vowel /æ/ into the allophone [e] as free variation in the modern, more western idioms (particularly in the standard language of Iran), if this vowel is placed at the end of a morpheme)'; var ENmsgFVae = 'See ' + ENmsgFVae1 + '.
'; var ENmsgFVee1 = '1•b•b. (exchange of the long vowel /eː/ into the allophone [iː] as free variation in the modern, more western idioms (particularly in the standard language of Iran))'; var ENmsgFVee = 'See ' + ENmsgFVee1 + '.
'; var ENmsgeedh = '>See the following rules:
See the following rules:
See ' + ENmsgFVxv1 + '.
'; var ENmsgxvdh = 'See the following rules:
See the following rules:
Verbal roots are normally reconstructed speculatively, because thay do not appear free with this role.'; var ENmsg1J = '12•2•a•a. (Extending of present participles by adding the consonant /j/)'; var ENmsgPast = '12•1•a. (Derivation of infinitives from mono- (or rarely disyllabic) past participles)'; var ENmsgEpenI = '1•d•a. (Using the epenthesis /i/)'; var ENmsgEpenA = '1•d•a. (Using the epenthesis /æ/)'; var ENmsgEpenE1 = '1•d•a. (Using the epenthesis /e/ to change the phoneme constellation /c1c2c3/ and /vc1c2/ (with the vowel /ɒ/, /i/ or /u/) to /c1c2vc3/ and /v1c1v2c2/, respectively)'; var ENmsgEpenAA = '1•d•a. (Using the epenthesis /ɒ/ after the consonants /h/, /t/ and /d/)'; var ENmsgEpenS = '1•d•a. (Using the epenthesis /s/ after vowels)'; var ENmsgEpenAhS = '1•d•a. (elision of the consonant /h/ from the final phoneme string /ɒh/, /æh/ or /ih/ by using the epenthesis /s/)'; var ENmsgEpenOS = '1•d•a. (anticipative assimilation of the final vowel /u/ into /o/ by using the epenthesis /s/)'; var ENmsgEpenES = '1•d•a. (Using the epenthesis /es/ after consonants)'; var ENmsgEpenIS = '1•d•a. (Using the epenthesis /is/ after the consonant /r/)'; var ENmsgEpenI_t = '20•1. (Using the epenthesis /i/)'; var ENmsgEpenE_t = '20•1. (Using the epenthesis /e/ to change the phoneme constellation /c1c2c3/ and /vc1c2/ (with the vowel /ɒ/, /i/ or /u/) to /c1c2vc3/ and /v1c1v2c2/, respectively)'; var ENmsgEpenAA_t = '20•1. (Using the epenthesis /ɒ/ after the consonants /h/, /t/ and /d/)'; var ENmsgEpenS_t = '20•1. (Using the epenthesis /s/ after vowels)'; var ENmsgEpenAhS_t = '20•1. (eliskion of the consonant /h/ from the final phoneme string /ɒh/, /æh/ or /ih/ by using the epenthesis /s/)'; var ENmsgEpenES_t = '20•1. (Using the epenthesis /es/ after consonants)'; var ENmsgEpenIS_t = '20•1. (Using the epenthesis /is/ after the consonant /r/)'; var ENmsg1daar = '20•1. (Assimiliation to the voiced allomorph [-dɒr] after a voiced consonant or a vowel)'; var ENmsg1dan = '20•1. (Assimiliation to the voiced allomorph [-dæn] after a voiced consonant or a vowel)'; var ENmsg1d = '20•1. (Assimiliation to the voiced allomorph [-d] after a voiced consonant or a vowel)'; var ENmsg1Mutx = '1•e•b. (Grammatischer Wechsel of the final fricative consonant /x/ to /z/ after the long vowels /ɒ/, /i/ and /u/)'; var ENmsg1Mutsh = '1•e•b. (Grammatischer Wechsel of the final fricative consonant /ʃ/ to /r/ after the vowel /ɒ/)'; var ENmsg1Muts = '1•e•b. (Grammatischer Wechsel of the final fricative consonant /s/ to /n/ after the vowel /æ/)'; var ENmsg1Mutsn = '1•e•b. (Grammatischer Wechsel of the final fricative consonant /s/ to /nd/ after the vowel /æ/)'; var ENmsg1Mutf = '1•e•b. (Grammatischer Wechsel of the final fricative consonant /f/ to /b/ after the long vowels /ɒ/, /i/ and /u/)'; var ENmsg1Mutu = '1•e•a. (apophony of the final vowel /u/ in polysyllabic verbal roots to /ɒ/)'; var ENmsg1Mutnu = '1•e•a. (apophony of the final vowel /u/ to the diphthong /æv/ after the consonant /n/)'; var ENmsg1Mutax = '1•e•b. (Grammatischer Wechsel of the final fricative consonant /x/ to /nʤ/ after the vowel /æ/)'; var ENmsg1MutN = '1•e•b. (attaching the consonant /n/ to verbal roots ending with the vowel /i/, /e/ and /æ/)'; var ENmsg1an = '20•2•c. (derivation of new present participles using the suffix /-æn/)'; var ENmsg1aan = '20•2•c. (derivation of new present participles using the suffix /-ɒn/)'; var ENmsg2aan = '20•2•c. (derivation of present participles from past participles using the suffix /-ɒn/)'; var ENmsg1aanElision = '20•2•c. (Eliosion of the final phoneme(s) of some of present participles by attaching the suffix /-ɒn/)'; var ENmsg1aajaan = '20•2•c. (Using the epenthesis /ɒj/ between some of monosyllabic <present participles and the suffix /-ɒn/)'; var ENmsgAltaa = '
See 1•b•a. (exchange of the vowel /ɒ/ at the begin of a Infinitive into the allophone [æ] as free variation)
'; var ENmsgAltaaFri = 'See 12•1•a. (exchange of the vowel /ɒ/ in front of voiceless fricative consonants into the allophone [æ] as combinative variation)
'; var ENmsgAltiFri = 'See 12•1•a. (exchange of the vowel /i/ in front of voiceless fricative consonants into the allophone [e] as combinative variation)
'; var ENmsgAltuFri = 'See 12•1•a. (exchange of the vowel /u/ in front of voiceless fricative consonants into the allophone [o] as combinative variation)
'; var ENmsgAltaaAlv = 'See 12•1•a. (exchange of the vowel /ɒ/ in front of voiced alveolar consonants into the allophone [æ] as combinative variation)
'; var ENmsgAltiAlv = 'See 12•1•a. (exchange of the vowel /i/ in front of voiced alveolar consonants into the allophone [e] as combinative variation)
'; var ENmsgAltuAlv = 'See 12•1•a. (exchange of the vowel /u/ in front of voiced alveolar consonants into the allophone [o] as combinative variation)
'; var ENmsgAltIrr = 'See 12•1•a. (Semi-syntaxd / irregular variation in infinitives owing to metrical confirmation)
'; var ENmsgEpenE = 'See ' + ENmsgEpenE1 + '.
'; var ENmsgJ = 'See ' + ENmsg1J + '.
'; var ENmsgdaar = 'See ' + ENmsg1daar + '.
'; var ENmsgEpenI_ = 'See ' + ENmsgEpenI + '.
'; var ENmsgEpenA_ = 'See ' + ENmsgEpenA + '.
'; var ENmsgidaar = 'See the following rules:
See ' + ENmsg1dan + '.
'; var ENmsgidan = 'See the following rules:
See the following rules:
See the following rules:
See ' + ENmsgEpenS +'.
'; var ENmsgAhstan = 'See ' + ENmsgEpenAhS +'.
'; var ENmsgostan = 'See ' + ENmsgEpenOS + '.
'; var ENmsgestan = 'See ' + ENmsgEpenES + '.
'; var ENmsgistan = 'See ' + ENmsgEpenIS +'.
'; var ENmsgd = 'See ' + ENmsg1d +'.
'; var ENmsgid = 'See the following rules:
See the following rules:
See the following rules:
See ' + ENmsgEpenS_t +'.
'; var ENmsgAhst = 'See ' + ENmsgEpenAhS_t +'.
'; var ENmsgest = 'See ' + ENmsgEpenES_t +'.
'; var ENmsgist = 'See ' + ENmsgEpenIS_t +'.
'; var ENmsgMutx ='See ' + ENmsg1Mutx +'.
'; var ENmsgMutf ='See ' + ENmsg1Mutf +'.
'; var ENmsgMutsh ='See ' + ENmsg1Mutsh +'.
'; var ENmsgMuts ='See ' + ENmsg1Muts +'.
'; var ENmsgMutsn ='See ' + ENmsg1Mutsn +'.
'; var ENmsgMutu ='See ' + ENmsg1Mutu +'.
'; var ENmsgMutax ='See ' + ENmsg1Mutax +'.
'; var ENmsgMutnu ='See the following rules:
See the following rules:
See the following rules:
See the following rules:
See ' + ENmsg1MutN +'.
'; var ENmsgMutIrr = 'See 12•2•a. (Semi-syntaxd / irregular mutation).
'; var ENmsgNonMutx ='It is certain that this present participle is used without Grammatischer Wechsel of the fricative consonant /x/ to /z/ after the long vowels /ɒ/, /i/ and /u/ (see 1•e.).
'; var ENmsgNonMutax ='It is certain that this present participle is used without Grammatischer Wechsel of the fricative consonant /x/ to /nʤ/ after the vowel /æ/ (see 1•e.).
'; var ENmsgNonMutsh ='It is certain that this present participle is used without Grammatischer Wechsel of the fricative consonant /ʃ/ to /r/ after the vowel /ɒ/ (see 1•e.).
'; var ENmsgNonMuts ='It is certain that this present participle is used without Grammatischer Wechsel of the fricative consonant /s/ to /n/ or /nd/ after the vowel /æ/ (see 1•e.).
'; var ENmsgNonMutf ='It is certain that this present participle is used without Grammatischer Wechsel of the fricative consonant /f/ to /b/ after the long vowels /ɒ/, /i/ and /u/ (see 1•e.).
'; var ENmsgNonMutu ='It is certain that this present participle is used without apophony of the final vowel /u/ to /ɒ/ (see 1•e.).
'; var ENmsgNonMutnu ='It is certain that this present participle is used without apophony of the final vowel /u/ to the diphthong /æv/ after the consonant /n/ (see 1•e.).
'; var ENmsgNonMutn ='It is certain that this present participle is used without attaching the consonant /n/ to verbal roots ending with the vowel /i/, /e/ and /æ/ (see 1•e.).
'; var ENmsgan ='See ' + ENmsg1an +'.
'; var ENmsgaan ='See ' + ENmsg1aan +'.
'; var ENmsgaanPast ='See ' + ENmsg2aan +'.
'; var ENmsgandan = 'See the following rules:
See the following rules:
See the following rules:
See the following rules:
See the following rules:
See the following rules:
See the following rules:
See the following rules:
See the following rules:
See the following rules:
See the following rules:
See the following rules:
Speculatively reconstructed participle, as no derivates of the present participle of this infinitive are registered.
'; var ENmsgbahs = 'Generated from the Arabic /baħθ/ بحث. It is recorded in lexicons, but without evidence.
'; var ENmsgbal = 'Generated from the Arabic /balʕ/ بلع.
'; var ENmsgbarid = 'Generated from /bærid/ برید (= "messenger"). It is recorded in lexicons, but without evidence.
'; var ENmsgbihuda = ENmsgNonMutn + 'Generated from /bihudæ , bihude/ بیهوده (= "senseless"). It is recorded in lexicons, but without evidence.
'; var ENmsgfahm = 'Generated from the Arabic /fahm/ فهم.
'; var ENmsgfavt = ENmsgFVav + 'Generated from the Arabic /fawt/ فوت.
'; var ENmsgjeksaan = 'Generated from the qualitative compound /jek-sɒn , jæk-sɒn/ یکسان.
'; var ENmsgjeksar = 'Generated from the qualitative compound /jek-sær , jæk-sær/ یکسر.
'; var ENmsgjon = 'Generated from the French ion /iɔ̃/.
'; var ENmsgmiraas = 'Generated from the Arabic /mijraaθ/ میراث. It is recorded in lexicons, but without evidence.
'; var ENmsgnavh = ENmsgFVav + 'Generated from the Arabic /nawħat/ نوحة. It is recorded in lexicons, but without evidence.
'; var ENmsgnavm = ENmsgFVav + 'Generated from the Arabic /nawm/ نوم. It is recorded in lexicons, but without evidence.
'; var ENmsgnesaar = 'Generated from the Arabic /niθaar/ نثار.
'; var ENmsgnomid = 'Generated from /nomid/ نمید (= "despaired"). It is recorded in lexicons, but without evidence.
'; var ENmsgqaarat = 'Generated from the Arabic /ɣaarat/ غارة.
'; var ENmsgqabul = 'Generated from the Arabic /qabuwl/ قبول.
'; var ENmsgqap = 'Generated from the Turkish kapmak /kapmak/.
'; var ENmsgqat = 'Generated from the Turkish katmak /katmak/.
'; var ENmsgraqs = 'Generated from the Arabic /raqsˁ/ رقص.
'; var ENmsgsarf = 'Generated from the Arabic /sˁarf/ صرف.
'; var ENmsgshal = 'Generated from the Arabic /ʃall/ شلّ.
'; var ENmsgtalab = 'Generated from the Arabic /tˁalab/ طلب.
'; var ENmsgtar = 'Generated from the Arabic /tˁarr/ طرّ.
'; var ENmsgtasavvor = 'Generated from the Arabic /tasˁawwur/ تصوّر. It is recorded in lexicons, but without evidence.
'; var ENmsgtelegraf = 'Generated from the French télégraphe /telegʁaf/.
'; var ENmsgtex = 'Generated from the Turkish tıkınmak /tɯkɯnmak/.
'; var ENmsgtsap = 'Generated from the Turkish çapmak /ʧapmak/.
'; var ENmsgtsor = 'Generated from the Turkish çürümak /ʧyrymak/.
'; var ENmsgxaass = 'Generated from the Arabic /xaasˁsˁ/ خاصّ.
'; var ENmsgaabesh = ENmsgSpek + 'If this infinitive means "to pour water" too (like in /ɒbeʃtæn-gɒh/ آبشتنگاه), /ɒbeʃ-xɒr/ آبشخوار and /ɒbeʃ-xor/ آبشخور could be derived from this present participle.
'; var ENmsgaabeshtan = PAltPronEN('ɒbæʃtæn') + 'If /ɒbeʃ-xɒr/ آبشخوار and /ɒbeʃ-xor/ آبشخور are derived from this infinitive, the correct pronunciation should be /ɒbeʃtæn/.
'; var ENmsgaadj = ENmsgSpek + 'Because this verb means "to crop" (e. g. in /bɒɣ-e næv-ɒʤestæ/ باغِ نوآجسته = "new corped garden"), /ʃæmʔ-ɒʤin/ شمعآجین and /tir-ɒʤin/ تیرآجین can be derivied from the nominal participle آجین.
' var ENmsgaaramdan = '' + ENmsgAltIrr + '
' + AltPronEN('ɒræmedæn') + ', presumably analogical to the related infinitive /ɒrɒmedæn/.
But as the epenthesis /e/ is not used to change the phoneme constellation /æc1c2/ (here /æmd/, please note 20•1.), the correct pronunciation should be /ɒræmdæn/.
' + 'In addition, the perfect participle is only noted without epenthesis (with the pronunciation /ɒræmdæ , ɒræmde/). For example:
' + 'چو بیدار باشی تو، خواب آیدم
' + 'چو آرمده باشی شتاب آیدم
' + 'Ferdowsi (10th and 11th Century AD)
'; var ENmsgaazardan = ENmsgAltaaAlv + '' + AltPronVulEN('ɒzordæn') + ', but only records for /ɒzærdæn/ are known in the literature:
' + 'مشو شادمان گر بدی کَردهای
' + 'که آزرده گردی چو آزَرده ای
' + 'Ferdowsi (10th and 11th Century AD)
'; var ENmsgaashkux_ = ENmsgNonMutx + 'آشکوخَد بر زمین هموار بر
' + 'هم چون آن چون بر زمین دشخوار بر
' + 'Rudaki (9th and 10th century AD)
' + 'Perhaps /ɒʃkux/ is a onomatopoetic, and this feature causes this irregularity.
'; var ENmsgashkux_ = ENmsgNonMutx+ 'Perhaps /æʃkux/ is a onomatopoetic, and this feature causes this irregularity.
'; var ENmsgshakux_ = ENmsgNonMutx + 'Perhaps /ʃækux/ is a onomatopoetic, and this feature causes this irregularity.
'; var ENmsgaaqandan = PAltPronEN('ɒɣondæn') + 'But according to the 12•1•a. (exchange of the vowel /ɒ/ in front of voiced alveolar consonants into the allophone [æ] as combinative variation), the supposable pronunciation should be /ɒɣændæn/.
'; var ENmsgaaqaar = ENmsgMutIrr + 'Perhaps the infinitive /ɒɣæʃtæn/ آغشتن is the result of a combinative variation in a lost infinitive (/ɒɣɒʃtæn/) آغاشتن (from a verbal root (/ɒɣɒʃ/), ' + ENmsgAltaaAlv + '), and this present participle ist generated regularly by mutation (see ' + ENmsg1Mutsh + ').
'; var ENmsgaaqashtan = PAltPronEN('ɒɣeʃtæn') + '' + AltPronVulEN('ɒɣoʃtæn') + ', and records for both /ɒɣæʃtæn/ and /ɒɣoʃtæn/ are known in the literature:
' + 'دو هفته سپهر اندر این گَشته شد
' + 'به فرجام، چرمِ خر آغَشته شد
' + 'Ferdowsi (10th and 11th Century AD)
' + 'از ایرانیان من بسی کُشتهام
' + 'زمین را به خون چون گِل آغُشتهم
' + 'Ferdowsi (10th and 11th Century AD)
'; var ENmsgaagaar = ENmsgSpek + 'Like in the case of /ɒɣɒr/, the infinitive /ɒgæʃtæn/ آگشتن could bethe result of a combinative variation in a lost infinitive (/ɒgɒʃtæn/) آگاشتن (from a verbal root (/ɒgɒʃ/), ' + ENmsgAltaaAlv + '), and this present participle could be generated regularly by mutation (see ' + ENmsg1Mutsh + ').
'; var ENmsgzodudan = ENmsgdan + PAltPronEN('zedudæn , zædudæn') + 'As this infinitive is originated from the Old Persian /uz-dɒv-æjæt/, the supposable pronunciation should be /zodudæn/.
'; var ENmsgzodaa = ENmsgMutu + PAltPronEN('zedɒ , zædɒ') + 'As this infinitive is originated from the Old Persian /uz-dɒv-æjæt/, the supposable pronunciation should be /zodɒ/.
'; var ENmsgzodaaj = ENmsgMutuJ + PAltPronEN('zedɒj , zædɒj') + 'As this infinitive is originated from the Old Persian /uz-dɒv-æjæt/, the supposable pronunciation should be /zodɒj/.
'; var ENmsgstaan = ENmsgMutIrr + 'Perhaps the regular present participle (/stæn/) (see ' + ENmsg1MutN + ') is already modified in Middle Persian to (/stɒn/).
'; var ENmsgshegeftidan = ENmsgidan + '' + AltPronEN('ʃegeftæn') + ', with the following evidence:
' + 'شگفتم (شگفتم) من از کارِ دیوِ نژند
' + 'که هرگز نخواهد به من جز گزند
' + 'Ferdowsi (10th and 11th Century AD)
' + 'But شگفت /ʃegeft/ (Middle Persian /ʃkuft/) seems to be here the predicative complement of the sentence.
'; var ENmsgshekuf_ = ENmsgMutIrr + ENmsgNonMutf + 'It seems to be due to the fact that this participle is descended from the Middle Persian /ʃkof/ abgeleitet ist
.'; var ENmsgshenaas = ENmsgMutIrr + 'Perhaps it is an issue of Sogdian mutation.'; var ENmsgeshnidan = '
Short form of /eʃnævidæn/ اشنویدن
'; var ENmsgshenidan = 'Short form of /ʃenævidæn/ شنویدن, ' + AltPronEN('ʃænidæn') + '
'; var ENmsgnavardan = 'Short form of /næværdidæn/ نوردیدن
'; var ENmsgfeshaandan = ENmsgdan + '' + AltPronEN('fæʃɒndæn') + ', but only records for /feʃɒndæn/ are known in the literature:aber in der Literatur:
' + 'مِی آوردند و در دل مِی نِشاندند
' + 'گُل آوردند و بر گُل مِی فِشاندند
' + 'Nezami Gandjavi (12th and 13th Century AD)
' + 'بر آن خورد آخر که بیخی نِشاند
' + 'کسی برد خرمن که تخمی فِشاند
' + 'Saadi (12th and 13th Century AD)
'; var ENmsgsicidan = 'Middle Persian: /seːʧitæn/
' + 'From the point of view of Walter Bruno Henning, this infinitive is generated in Middle Persian by misinterpretation of the phoneme constellation /pæ/ in the infinitive /pæseːʧitæn/ as a prefix.
' + ENmsgidan; var ENmsgtanudan = 'This verse is recorder in lexocons as evidence:
' + 'تو را چگونه بساود هگرز پاکی و علم
' + 'که جان و دِلْت جز از جهل و فعلِ بد نتنود /nætænud/
' + 'Naser Khosrow (11th century AD)
' + 'According to Ali-Akbar Dehkhoda, the correct form would be بنسود /benæsud/.
'; var ENmsgobsolete = 'Obsolete notation.
'; var ENmsgtaraanidan = 'This verse is recorder in lexocons as evidence:
' + 'درِ مخزن و حجرهها باز کرد
' + 'طرانیدنِ حجله آغاز کرد
' + 'Mir Nazmi (16th Century AD)
' + 'But it seems to be a distortion.
'; var ENmsgtorangaanidan = ENmsgaanidan + '' + AltPronEN('torængɒnidæn') + ', but only records for /torængɒnidæn/ are known in the literature:
' + 'باز شعریْش بر تُرَنگانی
' + 'به تقاضا قدم بِلَنگانی
' + 'Awhadi Maraghai (13th and 14th Century AD)
'; var ENmsgd_ = 'This present participle is not only noted in many Persian idioms, but also as constituent of infinitive /dɒdæn/ دادن and in the literature:
' + 'آن چه با رنج یافتیش و به ذُلّ
' + 'تو به آسانی از گزافه مدیش /mædi-ʃ/!
' + 'Rudaki (9th and 10th century AD)
'; var ENmsgrax = ENmsgNonMutax + 'Perhaps /ræx/ is a onomatopoetic, and this feature causes this irregularity.
'; var ENmsgri = ENmsgNonMutn + 'This present participle is obsolete in the meantime and only known in the literature:
' + 'اگر زآن که خواهد یکی ز اهلِ دل
' + 'که یک لحظه بی زایِ رحمت زیَد
' + 'مگس را پدید آورد روزگار
' + 'که تا بر سرِ رایِ رحمت ریَد /riæd/!
' + 'Anvari (12th Century AD)
'; var ENmsgreshidan = PAltPronEN('ræʃidæn') + 'But according to the 12•1•a. (exchange of the vowel /i/ in front of voiceless fricative consonants into the allophone [e] as combinative variation), the supposable pronunciation should be /reʃidæn/.
'; var ENmsgrakidan = 'This verse is registered in lexicons as evidence:
' + 'بگفت این و تیغ از میان بر کشید
' + 'زِ خونِ سیاوش فراوان رکید
' + 'Ferdowsi (10th and 11th Century AD)
' + 'But it seems to be a distorsion.
'; var ENmsgzhakidan = ENmsgidan + '' + AltPronVulEN('ʒokidæn') + ', but only records for /ʒækidæn/ are known in the literature:
' + 'همه ره زِ دانا همی لب مَکید
' + 'فرود آمد از اسب و چندی ژَکید
' + 'Ferdowsi (10th and 11th Century AD)
'; var ENmsgsaxtan = '' + AltPronEN('soxtæn') + ', but only records for /sæxtæn/ are known in the literature:
' + 'سریر و سراپرده و تاج و تَخت
' + 'نه چندان که آن را توانند سَخت
' + 'Nezami Gandjavi (12th and 13th Century AD)
'; var ENmsggoselidan = ENmsgidan + '' + AltPronVulEN('gosælidæn') + ', but only records for /goselidæn/ are known in the literature:
' + 'جانترنجیده و شکستهدِلم
' + 'گوئی از غم همی فرو گسِلم
' + 'Rudaki (9th and 10th century AD)
'; var ENmsggoselaandan = ENmsgaandan + '' + AltPronVulEN('gosælɒnidæn') + ', but only records for /goselɒndæn/ are known in the literature:
' + 'و گر بر هر دو جانب جاهِلانند
' + 'اگر زنجیر باشد بگسِلانند
' + 'Saadi (12th and 13th Century AD)
'; var ENmsggoselaanidan = ENmsgaanidan + '' + AltPronVulEN('gosælɒnidæn') + ', but only records for /goselɒndæn/ are known in the literature:
' + 'و گر بر هر دو جانب جاهِلانند
' + 'اگر زنجیر باشد بگسِلانند
' + 'Saadi (12th and 13th Century AD)
'; var ENmsggosel = 'It is not cleare, whether this present participle is derived from /gosæs/ or from /gosix/.
'; var ENmsgshamidan = ENmsgidan + 'It is imaginabe that this infinitive is created from the Arabic /ʃamm/ شمّ. But the existence of the synonymous infinitive /sæmidæn/ سمیدن is an argument against this thesis.
'; var ENmsgshastan = '' + AltPronVulEN('ʃestæn') + ', and records for both pronunciations are known in the literature:
' + 'من چو او در فقر کنجی شَستهام
' + 'و از بد و نیکِ جهان وا رَستهام
' + 'Attar Nishapuri (12th and 13th Century AD)
' + 'آخرِ کار جمله دانِستند
' + 'همچو ماتمزده به هم شِستند
' + 'Baha Valad (13th and 14th Century AD)
'; var ENmsgneshastan = '' + AltPronVulEN('neʃestæn') + ', but only records for /neʃæstæn/ are known in the literature:
' + 'بشد تیز و بر شیرِ غرّان نشَست
' + 'بیازید و بگرفت گوشش به دَست
' + 'Ferdowsi (10th and 11th Century AD)
'; var ENmsgshomordan = ENmsgdan + PAltPronVulEN('ʃemordæn') + PAltPronEN('ʃomærdæn') + 'Records for all variants are known in the literature:
' + 'فرستاده بر گشت و پاسخ ببُرد
' + 'سخنهایِ مهران همه بر شمُرد
' + 'Ferdowsi (10th and 11th Century AD)
' + 'که این بر من و بر تو هم بگذَرد
' + 'زمانه دمِ ما همی بشمَرد
' + 'Ferdowsi (10th and 11th Century AD)
'; var ENmsgkashidan = ENmsgidan + '' + AltPronVulEN('keʃidæn') + ', but only records for /kæʃidæn/ are known in the literature:
' + 'گفت: «کو قصرِ خلیفه، ای حَشَم؟
' + 'تا من اسب و رخت را آن جا کَشَم
' + 'Rumi (13th century AD)
'; var ENmsgkeshoftan = ENmsgAltuFri + '' + AltPronEN('kæʃæftæn') + ', but only records for /keʃoftæn/ are known in the literature:
' + 'سخنهائی چنان دلگیر گُفتی
' + 'که خانهی صابری را بر کشُفتی
' + 'Fakhroddin Asad Gorgani (11th Century AD)
'; var ENmsggashtan = 'Irregular derivation owing to metrical confirmation'; var ENmsggeri = ENmsgNonMutn + 'This present participle is not only as constituent of infinitive /geristæn/ گریستن but also noted in the literature:
' + 'بر آسمان زِ غمِ عاشقیست اخترِ من
' + 'بر آن گری /geri/ که مر او را چون این بود اختر!
' + 'Farrukhi Sistani (10th and 11th Century AD)
'; var ENmsgger = ENmsgMutIrr + 'This present participle is obsolete in the meantime and only known in the literature:
' + 'رهِ دین گِرَد /geræd/ هر که دانا بود
' + 'به دهر آن گراید که کانا بود
' + 'Manuchehri (10th and 11th Century AD)
'; var ENmsgmor = 'This present participle is not only as constituent of infinitive /moridæn/ مریدن but also noted in the literature:
' + 'چیستند آن دو خواهران، که یکی
' + 'گاه زنده شود، گهی بمُرَد /bemoræd/؟
' + 'Naser Khosrow (11th century AD)
'; var ENmsgh = ENmsgMutIrr + 'This present participle is obsolete in the meantime and only known in the literature:
' + 'زِ لشکر سرافرازگردان که هند /hænd/
' + 'به نزدیکِ شاهِ جهانارجمند
' + 'Ferdowsi (10th and 11th Century AD)
'; var ENmsghi = ENmsgMutIrr + 'This present participle is obsolete in the meantime and only known in the literature:
' + 'گفت: «یا رب! گر تو را خاصان هیند /hiænd/
' + 'که مبارکدعوت و فرّخپیند»
' + 'Rumi (13th Century AD)
'; var ENmsgSpekJ = ENmsgSpek + ENmsgJ; var ENmsgSpekMutu = ENmsgSpek + ENmsgMutu; var ENmsgSpekMutuJ = ENmsgSpek + ENmsgMutuJ; var ENmsgSpekMutax = ENmsgSpek + ENmsgMutax; var ENmsgSpekMutx = ENmsgSpek + ENmsgMutx; var ENmsgSpekMutsh = ENmsgSpek + ENmsgMutsh; var ENmsgSpekMuts = ENmsgSpek + ENmsgMuts; var ENmsgSpekMutsn = ENmsgSpek + ENmsgMutsn; var ENmsgSpekMutN = ENmsgSpek + ENmsgMutN; var ENmsgSpekMutf = ENmsgSpek + ENmsgMutf; var ENmsgNonMutuJ = ENmsgNonMutu + ENmsgJ; var ENmsgNonMutnuJ = ENmsgNonMutnu + ENmsgJ; var ENmsgashkuxidan = PAltPronEN('eʃkuxidæn') + ENmsgidan; var ENmsgbajulidan = PAltPronEN('bojulidæn') + ENmsgidan; var ENmsgbashandjidan = PAltPronEN('beʃænʤidæn') + ENmsgidan; var ENmsgbashkulidan = PAltPronEN('beʃkulidæn') + ENmsgidan; var ENmsgbashlidan = PAltPronEN('beʃlidæn') + ENmsgidan; var ENmsgbaskalidan = PAltPronEN('bæskelidæn') + ENmsgidan; var ENmsgbaslidan = PAltPronEN('bæsælidæn') + ENmsgidan; var ENmsgbaxostan = PAltPronEN('bæxæstæn , bæxestæn , bæxæstæn , boxostæn , boxxæstæn'); var ENmsgbektashidan = PAltPronEN('bektɒʃidæn') + ENmsgidan; var ENmsgbeshkelidan = PAltPronEN('beʃkelidæn') + ENmsgidan; var ENmsgbeshordan = PAltPronEN('bæʃordæn') + ENmsgdan; var ENmsgbongashidan = PAltPronEN('bongoʃidæn') + ENmsgidan; var ENmsgboxredan = PAltPronEN('boxrædæn') + ENmsgedan; var ENmsgboxridan = PAltPronEN('bæxridæn') + ENmsgidan; var ENmsgdah = ENmsgMutIrr + PAltPronVulEN('deh'); var ENmsgdarangaanidan = PAltPronEN('derængɒnidæn') + ENmsgaanidan; var ENmsgdarangidan = PAltPronEN('derængidæn') + ENmsgidan; var ENmsgderaxshaandan = PAltPronEN('dæræxʃɒndæn , doræxʃɒndæn') + ENmsgaandan; var ENmsgderaxshaanidan = PAltPronEN('dæræxʃɒnidæn , doræxʃɒnidæn') + ENmsgaanidan; var ENmsgderaxshidan = PAltPronEN('dæræxʃidæn , doræxʃidæn') + ENmsgidan; var ENmsgdjaftan = PAltPronEN('ʤoftæn'); var ENmsgdjarangidan = PAltPronEN('ʤerængidæn') + ENmsgidan; var ENmsgengaardan = PAltPronEN('ængɒrdæn') + ENmsgdan; var ENmsgengaaridan = PAltPronEN('ængɒridæn') + ENmsgidan; var ENmsgengaashtan = PAltPronEN('ængɒʃtæn'); var ENmsgeshnudan = PAltPronEN('oʃnudæn') + ENmsgdan; var ENmsgfarhaxtan = PAltPronEN('færhextæn'); var ENmsgfazhulidan = PAltPronEN('foʒulidæn') + ENmsgidan; var ENmsgfazudan = PAltPronVulEN('fozudæn') + ENmsgdan; var ENmsgfegandan = PAltPronEN('fægændæn') + ENmsgdan; var ENmsgfekandan = PAltPronEN('fækændæn') + ENmsgdan; var ENmsgferhiftan = PAltPronEN('færhiftæn'); var ENmsgferib = PAltPronVulEN('færib') + ENmsgMutf; var ENmsgferibaan = PAltPronVulEN('færibɒn') + ENmsgaan; var ENmsgferibaandan = PAltPronVulEN('færibɒndæn') + ENmsgaandan; var ENmsgferibidan = PAltPronVulEN('færibidæn') + ENmsgidan; var ENmsgferibid = PAltPronVulEN('færibid') + ENmsgid; var ENmsgferiftan = PAltPronVulEN('færiftæn'); var ENmsgferift = PAltPronVulEN('færift'); var ENmsgfeshaardan = PAltPronVulEN('fæʃɒrdæn') + ENmsgdan; var ENmsgfeshordan = PAltPronVulEN('fæʃordæn') + ENmsgdan; var ENmsgfesoraandan = PAltPronEN('fæsorɒndæn , fosorɒndæn') + ENmsgaandan; var ENmsgfesoraanidan = PAltPronEN('fæsorɒnidæn , fosorɒnidæn') + ENmsgaanidan; var ENmsgfesordan = PAltPronEN('fæsordæn , fosordæn') + ENmsgdan; var ENmsgfetaalidan = PAltPronEN('fætɒlidæn') + ENmsgidan; var ENmsgfetalidan = PAltPronEN('fetælidæn') + ENmsgidan; var ENmsgfetardan = PAltPronEN('fetærdæn') + ENmsgdan; var ENmsgfetaridan = PAltPronEN('fetæridæn') + ENmsgidan; var ENmsgfezhulidan = PAltPronEN('fæʒulidæn') + ENmsgidan; var ENmsgforuxtan = PAltPronEN('færuxtæn'); var ENmsgfotaadan = PAltPronEN('fetɒdæn') + ENmsgaadan; var ENmsgfotadan = PAltPronEN('fetædæn') + ENmsgAltaaAlv; var ENmsgfotidan = PAltPronEN('fetidæn') + ENmsgidan; var ENmsggaavahidan = PAltPronEN('gɒvhidæn') + ENmsgidan; var ENmsggaraandan = PAltPronEN('gerɒndæn') + ENmsgdan; var ENmsggavaazhidan = PAltPronEN('govɒʒidæn') + ENmsgidan; var ENmsggeraahidan = PAltPronEN('gærɒhidæn') + ENmsgidan; var ENmsggeraaidan = PAltPronEN('gærɒidæn') + ENmsgidan; var ENmsggeraajidan = PAltPronEN('gærɒjidæn') + ENmsgidan; var ENmsggeraanidan = PAltPronEN('gorɒnidæn') + ENmsgaanidan; var ENmsggeravaanidan = PAltPronEN('gærævɒnidæn , gærvɒnidæn') + ENmsgaanidan; var ENmsggomizidan = PAltPronEN('gæmizidæn') + ENmsgidan; var ENmsggop = PAltPronVulEN('gæp'); var ENmsgkoselidan = AltPronEN('kosælidæn') + ENmsgidan; var ENmsgguharidan = PAltPronEN('gævhæridæn') + ENmsgidan; var ENmsgheshtan = PAltPronEN('hæʃtæn'); var ENmsgkanuridan = PAltPronEN('kenuridæn') + ENmsgidan; var ENmsgkashaandan = PAltPronVulEN('keʃɒndæn') + ENmsgaandan; var ENmsgkashaanidan = PAltPronVulEN('keʃɒnidæn') + ENmsgaanidan; var ENmsgkeshubidan = PAltPronEN('kæʃubidæn') + ENmsgidan; var ENmsgkeshuftan = PAltPronEN('koʃuftæn'); var ENmsgkobidan = PAltPronEN('kæbidæn') + ENmsgidan; var ENmsgkomizaandan = PAltPronEN('kemizɒndæn') + ENmsgaandan; var ENmsgkomizaanidan = PAltPronEN('kemizɒnidæn') + ENmsgaanidan; var ENmsgkomizidan = PAltPronEN('kemizidæn') + ENmsgidan; var ENmsgkoraazidan = PAltPronEN('kærɒzidæn') + ENmsgidan; var ENmsgkovaalidan = PAltPronEN('kævɒlidæn') + ENmsgidan; var ENmsgmachidan = PAltPronEN('meʧidæn') + ENmsgidan; var ENmsgmakidan = PAltPronVulEN('mekidæn') + ENmsgidan; var ENmsgmarzaanidan = PAltPronEN('morzɒnidæn') + ENmsgaanidan; var ENmsgmelendjidan = PAltPronEN('melenʤidæn') + ENmsgidan; var ENmsgnafridan = PAltPronVulEN('nefridæn') + ENmsgidan; var ENmsgnafrin = PAltPronVulEN('nefrin') + ENmsgMutN; var ENmsgnavaajidan = PAltPronEN('novɒjidæn') + ENmsgidan; var ENmsgnavidan = PAltPronEN('novidæn') + ENmsgidan; var ENmsgnehaadan = PAltPronEN('næhɒdæn') + ENmsgaadan; var ENmsgneheshtan = PAltPronEN('nehæʃtæn'); var ENmsgnehidan = PAltPronEN('næhidæn') + ENmsgidan; var ENmsgnehoftan = PAltPronEN('næhoftæn , nohoftæn'); var ENmsgnehoftidan = PAltPronVulEN('næhoftidæn , nohoftidæn') + ENmsgndidan; var ENmsgnehonbidan = PAltPronVulEN('nehænbidæn') + ENmsgidan; var ENmsgnekuhidan = PAltPronEN('nækuhidæn') + ENmsgidan; var ENmsgnemaadan = PAltPronVulEN('næmɒdæn , nomɒdæn') + ENmsgdan; var ENmsgnemaajaandan = PAltPronVulEN('næmɒjɒndæn , nomɒjɒndæn') + ENmsgaandan; var ENmsgnemaajaanidan = PAltPronVulEN('næmɒjɒnidæn , nomɒjɒnidæn') + ENmsgaanidan; var ENmsgnemudan = PAltPronVulEN('næmudæn , nomudæn') + ENmsgdan; var ENmsgnesidan = PAltPronEN('næsidæn') + ENmsgidan; var ENmsgneveshtan = PAltPronEN('næveʃtæn , noveʃtæn'); var ENmsgnevestan = PAltPronEN('novestæn') + ENmsgAltiFri; var ENmsgnevisaandan = PAltPronEN('nævisɒndæn') + ENmsgaandan; var ENmsgnevishtan = PAltPronEN('næviʃtæn , noviʃtæn'); var ENmsgnevistan = PAltPronEN('nævistæn'); var ENmsgpajmaa = PAltPronVulEN('pejmɒ') + ENmsgMutu; var ENmsgpajmaaidan = PAltPronVulEN('pejmɒidæn') + ENmsgidan; var ENmsgpajmaaj = PAltPronVulEN('pejmɒj') + ENmsgMutuJ; var ENmsgpajmaajidan = PAltPronVulEN('pejmɒjidæn') + ENmsgidan; var ENmsgpajmudan = PAltPronVulEN('pejmudæn') + ENmsgdan; var ENmsgpajvan = PAltPronVulEN('pejvæn') + ENmsgMuts; var ENmsgpajvand = PAltPronVulEN('pejvænd') + ENmsgMutsn; var ENmsgpajvandaan = PAltPronVulEN('pejvændɒn') + ENmsgaan; var ENmsgpajvandaanidan = PAltPronVulEN('pejvændɒnidæn') + ENmsgaanidan; var ENmsgpajvandidan = PAltPronVulEN('pejvændidæn') + ENmsgidan; var ENmsgpajvanidan = PAltPronVulEN('pejvænidæn') + ENmsgidan; var ENmsgpajvastan = PAltPronVulEN('pejvæstæn') + ENmsgstan; var ENmsgparhaxtan = PAltPronEN('pærhextæn'); var ENmsgpashandjidan = PAltPronEN('peʃænʤidæn') + ENmsgidan; var ENmsgpashlidan = PAltPronEN('pæʃælidæn') + ENmsgidan; var ENmsgpaziroftaanidan = PAltPronEN('pæziroftɒridæn , pæðiroftɒridæn') + ENmsgaanidanPast; var ENmsgpazroftan = PAltPronEN('pezroftæn') + ENmsgAltIrr; var ENmsgpelekidan = PAltPronEN('pælækidæn , pælekidæn , pelækidæn') + ENmsgidan; var ENmsgpezhulidan = PAltPronEN('pæʒulidæn') + ENmsgidan; var ENmsgpozaxtan = PAltPronEN('pæzixtæn'); var ENmsgqandjidan = PAltPronEN('ɣænʤidæn') + ENmsgidan; var ENmsgqerividan = PAltPronVulEN('ɣærividæn') + ENmsgidan; var ENmsgras = ENmsgNonMuts + PAltPronVulEN('res'); var ENmsgrasaan = PAltPronVulEN('resɒn') + ENmsgaan; var ENmsgrasaandan = PAltPronVulEN('resɒndæn') + ENmsgaandan; var ENmsgrasaanidan = PAltPronVulEN('resɒnidæn') + ENmsgaanidan; var ENmsgrasidan = PAltPronVulEN('residæn') + ENmsgidan; var ENmsgsazidan = PAltPronVulEN('sezidæn') + ENmsgidan; var ENmsgsekostan = PAltPronEN('sokostæn'); var ENmsgsepilidan = PAltPronEN('sæpilidæn') + ENmsgidan; var ENmsgshakuxaanidan = PAltPronEN('ʃekuxɒnidæn , ʃokuxɒnidæn') + ENmsgaanidan; var ENmsgshakuxidan = PAltPronEN('ʃekuxidæn , ʃokuxidæn') + ENmsgidan; var ENmsgshapilidan = PAltPronEN('ʃepilidæn') + ENmsgidan; var ENmsgshaxulidan = PAltPronEN('ʃexulidæn') + ENmsgidan; var ENmsgshefilidan = PAltPronEN('ʃæfilidæn') + ENmsgidan; var ENmsgsheflidan = PAltPronEN('ʃoflidæn') + ENmsgidan; var ENmsgshekondjidan = PAltPronEN('ʃokonʤidæn') + ENmsgidan; var ENmsgshenavaandan = PAltPronEN('ʃænævɒndæn') + ENmsgaandan; var ENmsgshenavaanidan = PAltPronEN('ʃænævɒnidæn') + ENmsgaanidan; var ENmsgshenavidan = PAltPronEN('ʃænævidæn') + ENmsgdan; var ENmsgshenudan = PAltPronEN('ʃonudæn , ʃænudæn') + ENmsgdan; var ENmsgshepilidan = PAltPronEN('ʃæpilidæn') + ENmsgidan; var ENmsgsheplidan = PAltPronEN('ʃæplidæn') + ENmsgidan; var ENmsgshexilidan = PAltPronEN('ʃæxilidæn') + ENmsgidan; var ENmsgshexlidan = PAltPronEN('ʃæxlidæn') + ENmsgidan; var ENmsgshexulidan = PAltPronEN('ʃæxulidæn') + ENmsgidan; var ENmsgshomoridan = PAltPronEN('ʃemoridæn , ʃemæridæn , ʃomæridæn') + ENmsgidan; var ENmsgshorraanidan = PAltPronEN('ʃerrɒnidæn') + ENmsgaanidan; var ENmsgsoraa = PAltPronVulEN('særɒ') + ENmsgMutu; var ENmsgsoraaidan = PAltPronVulEN('særɒidæn') + ENmsgidan; var ENmsgsoraaj = PAltPronVulEN('særɒj') + ENmsgMutuJ; var ENmsgsoraajidan = PAltPronVulEN('særɒjidæn') + ENmsgidan; var ENmsgsotaaidan = PAltPronEN('setɒidæn') + ENmsgidan; var ENmsgsotaajidan = PAltPronEN('setɒjidæn') + ENmsgidan; var ENmsgsotordan = PAltPronEN('setordæn') + ENmsgdan; var ENmsgsotudan = PAltPronEN('setudæn') + ENmsgdan; var ENmsgsoturdan = PAltPronEN('seturdæn') + ENmsgdan; var ENmsgtaanestan = PAltPronEN('tɒnæstæn') + ENmsgestan; var ENmsgtaavestan = PAltPronEN('tɒvæstæn') + ENmsgestan; var ENmsgtahidan = PAltPronEN('tehidæn') + ENmsgidan; var ENmsgtandidan = PAltPronEN('tondidæn') + ENmsgidan; var ENmsgtarakaandan = PAltPronVulEN('tærekɒndæn') + ENmsgaandan; var ENmsgtarakaanidan = PAltPronVulEN('tærekɒnidæn') + ENmsgaanidan; var ENmsgtarakidan = PAltPronVulEN('tærekidæn') + ENmsgidan; var ENmsgtavaanestan = PAltPronEN('towɒnæstæn , towɒnestæn , tævɒnæstæn') + ENmsgestan; var ENmsgtorandjaanidan = PAltPronEN('toronʤɒnidæn') + ENmsgaanidan; var ENmsgtorandjidan = PAltPronEN('toronʤidæn') + ENmsgidan; var ENmsgtorangidan = PAltPronEN('torongidæn') + ENmsgidan; var ENmsgtsakaandan = PAltPronVulEN('ʧekɒndæn') + ENmsgaandan; var ENmsgtsakaanidan = PAltPronVulEN('ʧekɒnidæn') + ENmsgaanidan; var ENmsgtsakidan = PAltPronVulEN('ʧekidæn') + ENmsgidan; var ENmsgtsalaandan = PAltPronVulEN('ʧelɒndæn') + ENmsgaandan; var ENmsgtsalaanidan = PAltPronVulEN('ʧelɒnidæn') + ENmsgaanidan; var ENmsgtsalidan = PAltPronVulEN('ʧelidæn') + ENmsgidan; var ENmsgtsaraandan = PAltPronVulEN('ʧe-rɒndæn') + ENmsgaandan; var ENmsgtsaraanidan = PAltPronVulEN('ʧe-rɒnidæn') + ENmsgaanidan; var ENmsgtsaridan = PAltPronVulEN('ʧeridæn') + ENmsgidan; var ENmsgtsashaandan = PAltPronVulEN('ʧeʃɒndæn') + ENmsgaandan; var ENmsgtsashaanidan = PAltPronVulEN('ʧeʃɒnidæn') + ENmsgaanidan; var ENmsgtsashidan = PAltPronVulEN('ʧeʃidæn') + ENmsgidan; var ENmsgtsenaanidan = PAltPronEN('ʧænɒnidæn') + ENmsgaanidan; var ENmsgtserestidan = PAltPronEN('ʧeræstidæn , ʧærestidæn , ʧæræstidæn') + ENmsgidan; var ENmsgvajdan = PAltPronEN('vidæn') + ENmsgdan; var ENmsgvajdidan = PAltPronEN('vididæn') + ENmsgndidan; var ENmsgvashkardan = PAltPronEN('veʃkærdæn , voʃkærdæn') + ENmsgdan; var ENmsgvashkardidan = PAltPronEN('veʃkærdidæn , voʃkærdidæn') + ENmsgndidan; var ENmsgvashkaridan = PAltPronEN('veʃkæridæn , voʃkæridæn') + ENmsgidan; var ENmsgvashkulidan = PAltPronEN('veʃkulidæn') + ENmsgidan; var ENmsgvashtidan = PAltPronEN('voʃtidæn') + ENmsgndidan; var ENmsgxardjidan = PAltPronEN('xorʤidæn') + ENmsgidan; var ENmsgxareftan = PAltPronEN('xæræftæn'); var ENmsgxoshaardan = PAltPronEN('xæʃɒrdæn') + ENmsgdan; var ENmsgxoshaaridan = PAltPronEN('xæʃɒridæn') + ENmsgidan; var ENmsgxushaandan = PAltPronEN('xvæʃɒndæn , xæʃɒndæn , xoʃɒndæn') + ENmsgaandan; var ENmsgxushaanidan = PAltPronEN('xvæʃɒnidæn , xæʃɒnidæn , xoʃɒnidæn') + ENmsgaanidan; var ENmsgxvarshidan = PAltPronEN('xorʃidæn') + ENmsgidan; var ENmsgxvastan = ENmsgAhstan + PAltPronEN('xostæn'); var ENmsgzakidan = ENmsgidan + PAltPronVulEN('zokidæn'); var ENmsgzanudan = PAltPronEN('zonudæn') + ENmsgdan; var ENmsgpazir = '= /pæzrof , pæðrof/
' + ENmsgKVdh; var ENmsgpazr = '= /pæzirof , pæðirof/
' + ENmsgKVdh; var ENtrmAffricative = TerminusEN('affricative', 'Affrikativ', 'انفجاری-سایشی'); var ENtrmAllophone = TerminusEN('allophone', 'Allophon', 'واجگونه'); var ENtrmAlveolar = TerminusEN('alveolar', 'Alveolar', 'لثهای'); var ENtrmApproximant = TerminusEN('approximant', 'Approximant', 'روان'); var ENtrmBilabial = TerminusEN('bilabial', 'Bilabial', 'دولبی'); var ENtrmFreeVariation = TerminusEN('free Variation', 'freie Variation', 'چندآوائیِ آزاد'); var ENtrmFricative = TerminusEN('fricative', 'Frikativ', 'سایشی'); var ENtrmGlottal = TerminusEN('glottal', 'Glottal', 'چاکنایی'); var ENtrmCombinativeVariation = TerminusEN('combinative Variation', 'kombinatorische Variation', 'چندآوائیِ ترکیبی'); var ENtrmConsonant = TerminusEN('consonant', 'Konsonant', 'همخوان'); var ENtrmLabiodental = TerminusEN('labiodental', 'Labiodental', 'لبی-دندانی'); var ENtrmLateral = TerminusEN('lateral', 'Lateral', 'کناری'); var ENtrmNasal = TerminusEN('nasal', 'Nasal', 'خیشومی'); var ENtrmPalatal = TerminusEN('palatal', 'Palatal', 'کامی'); var ENtrmPhone = TerminusEN('phone', 'Phon', 'آوا'); var ENtrmPhoneme = TerminusEN('phoneme', 'Phonem', 'واج'); var ENtrmPhonetics = TerminusEN('phonetics', 'Phonetik', 'آواشناسی'); var ENtrmPhonology = TerminusEN('phonology', 'Phonologie', 'واجشناسی'); var ENtrmPlosive = TerminusEN('plosive', 'Plosiv', 'انفجاری'); var ENtrmPostalveolar = TerminusEN('postalveolar', 'Postalveolar', 'پشتلثهای'); var ENtrmSyllable = TerminusEN('syllable', 'Silbe', 'هجا'); var ENtrmSyllableOnset = TerminusEN('syllable onset', 'Silbenansatz', 'ریشهیِ هجا'); var ENtrmSyllablenucleus = TerminusEN('syllable nucleus', 'Silbengipfel', 'تنهیِ هجا'); var ENtrmSyllableCoda = TerminusEN('syllable coda', 'Silbenkoda', 'شاخهیِ هجا'); var ENtrmVariation = TerminusEN('variation', 'Variation', 'چندآوائی'); var ENtrmVelar = TerminusEN('velar', 'Velar', 'نرمکامی'); var ENtrmTrill = TerminusEN('trill', 'Vibrant', 'لرزشی'); var ENtrmVowel = TerminusEN('vowel', 'Vokal', 'واکه'); var ENtrmVoiced = TerminusEN('voiced', 'stimmhaft', 'واکدار'); var ENtrmVoiceless = TerminusEN('voiceless', 'stimmlos', 'بیواک'); var ENtrmMorphme = TerminusEN('morpheme', 'Morphem', 'تکواژ'); var ENtrmMorphology = TerminusEN('morphology', 'Morphologie', 'واژهشناسی'); var ENtrmBase = TerminusEN('base', 'Grundmorphem', 'تکواژِ بنیادی'); var ENtrmLexicalMorpheme = TerminusEN('lexical morpheme', 'lexikalisches Morphem', 'تکواژِ فرهنگی'); var ENtrmGrammaticalMorpheme = TerminusEN('grammatical morpheme', 'grammatisches Morphem', 'تکواژِ دستوری'); var ENtrmAffix = TerminusEN('affix', 'Affix', 'وند'); var ENtrmStem = TerminusEN('stem', 'Stamm', 'کانونِ وند'); var ENtrmPrefix = TerminusEN('prefix', 'Präfix', 'پیشوند'); var ENtrmSuffix = TerminusEN('suffix', 'Suffix', 'پسوند'); var ENtrmInfix = TerminusEN('infix', 'Infix', 'درونوند'); var ENtrmInterfix = TerminusEN('interfix', 'Interfix', 'میانوند'); var ENtrmCircumfix = TerminusEN('circumfix', 'Zirkumfix', 'پیراوند'); var ENtrmDerivationalAffix = TerminusEN('derivational affix', 'Derivationsaffix', 'وندِ واژهساز'); var ENtrmInflectionalAffix = TerminusEN('inflectional affix', 'Flexionsaffix', 'وندِ واژهپرداز'); var ENtrmFreeMorpheme = TerminusEN('free morpheme', 'freies Morphem', 'تکواژِ آزاد'); var ENtrmBoundMorpheme = TerminusEN('bound morpheme', 'gebundenes Morphem', 'تکواژِ وابسته'); var ENtrmTransfix = TerminusEN('transfix', 'Transfix', 'ریختوند'); var ENtrmTriliteral = TerminusEN('triliteral', 'Triliteral', 'سهگام'); var ENtrmQuadriliteral = TerminusEN('quadriliteral', 'Quadriliteral', 'چهارگام'); var ENtrmClitic = TerminusEN('clitic', 'Klitikon', 'آویزه'); var ENtrmProclitic = TerminusEN('proclitic', 'Proklitikon', 'پیشآویزه'); var ENtrmEnclitic = TerminusEN('enclitic', 'Enklitikon', 'پسآویزه'); var ENtrmGrammaticalisation = TerminusEN('grammaticalisation', 'Grammatikalisierung', 'دستوریسازی'); var ENtrmMorph = TerminusEN('morph', 'Morph', 'واژک'); var ENtrmAllomorph = TerminusEN('allomorph', 'Allomorph', 'تکواژگونه'); var ENtrmZeroAllomorph = TerminusEN('zero allomorph', 'Nullallomorph', 'واژکِ تهی'); var ENtrmZeroMorpheme = TerminusEN('zero morpheme', 'Nullmorphem', 'تکواژِ تهی'); var ENtrmWord = TerminusEN('word', 'Wort', 'واژه'); var ENtrmPhrase = TerminusEN('phrase', 'Phrase', 'بند'); var ENtrmNounPhrase = TerminusEN('noun phrase', 'Nominalphrase', 'بندِ اسمی'); var ENtrmAdpositionalPhrase = TerminusEN('adpositional phrase', 'Adpositionalphrase', 'بندِ برنهشتی'); var ENtrmAdjectivalPhrase = TerminusEN('adjectival phrase', 'Adjektivphrase', 'بندِ صفتی'); var ENtrmAdverbPhrase = TerminusEN('adverb phrase', 'Adverbphrase', 'بندِ اداتی'); var ENtrmVerbPhrase = TerminusEN('verb phrase', 'Verbalphrase', 'بندِ فعلی'); var ENtrmInflectionalPhrase = TerminusEN('inflectional phrase', 'Flexionsphrase', 'بندِ جملهای'); var ENtrmNominalization = TerminusEN('nominalization', 'Substantivierung', 'اسمشدن'); var ENtrmAdjectivization = TerminusEN('adjectivization', 'Adjektivierung', 'صفتشدن'); var ENtrmDeterminerPhrase = TerminusEN('determiner phrase', 'Determinansphrase', 'بندِ پردازهدار'); var ENtrmDeterminativePhrase = TerminusEN('determinative phrase', 'Determinativphrase', 'بندِ پردازه'); var ENtrmAffixalFormation = TerminusEN('affixal formation', 'Affixalgebilde', 'سازهیِ وندی'); var ENtrmNoun = TerminusEN('noun', 'Substantiv', 'اسم'); var ENtrmNumber = TerminusEN('number', 'Numerus', 'نمودِ شمارشی'); var ENtrmSingular = TerminusEN('singular', 'Singular', 'مفرد'); var ENtrmDual = TerminusEN('dual', 'Dualis', 'دوگانه'); var ENtrmPlural = TerminusEN('plural', 'Plural', 'جمع'); var ENtrmConcord = TerminusEN('concord, agreement', 'Kongruenz', 'همنوازی'); var ENtrmDiscord = TerminusEN('discord', 'Inkongruenz', 'ناهمنوازی'); var ENtrmMajestyPlural = TerminusEN('plural of majesty', 'Pluralis majestatis', 'جمعِ مهستی'); var ENtrmModestyPlural = TerminusEN('plural of modesty', 'Pluralis modestiae', 'جمعِ فروتنی'); var ENtrmPluralization = TerminusEN('pluralization', 'Pluralisierung', 'جمعبستن'); var ENtrmCollectiveNoun = TerminusEN('collective noun', 'Kollektivum', 'اسمِ گروهه'); var ENtrmConstituent = TerminusEN('constituent', 'Konstituente', 'اندام'); var ENtrmDefiniteness = TerminusEN('definiteness', 'Definitheit', 'نمودِ شناختی'); var ENtrmDefinite = TerminusEN('definite', 'definit', 'شناس'); var ENtrmDeictic = TerminusEN('deictic', 'deiktisch', 'بازخوانده'); var ENtrmProximateDeixis = TerminusEN('proximate deixis', 'proximate Deixis', 'عهدِ ذکری'); var ENtrmObviativeDeixis = TerminusEN('obviative deixis', 'obviative Deixis', 'عهدِ ذهنی'); var ENtrmIndefinite = TerminusEN('indefinite', 'indefinit', 'ناشناس'); var ENtrmProperNoun = TerminusEN('proper noun', 'Eigenname', 'اسمِ خاص'); var ENtrmPerson = TerminusEN('person', 'Person', 'نمودِ شخصیّتی'); var ENtrmFirstPerson = TerminusEN('first person', 'erste Person', 'یکمشخص'); var ENtrmSecondPerson = TerminusEN('second person', 'zweite Person', 'دوّمشخص'); var ENtrmThirdPerson = TerminusEN('third person', 'dritte Person', 'سوّمشخص'); var ENtrmPolarity = TerminusEN('Polarity', 'Polarität', 'نمودِ قطبی'); var ENtrmAffirmative = TerminusEN('affirmative', 'affirmativ', 'مثبت'); var ENtrmNegative = TerminusEN('negative', 'negativ', 'منفی'); var ENtrmNomenActionis = TerminusEN('nomen actionis', 'Nomen Actionis', 'کنش'); var ENtrmNomenActi = TerminusEN('nomen acti', 'Nomen Acti', 'برآیندِ کنش'); var ENtrmOnomatopoetic = TerminusEN('onomatopoetic', 'Onomatopoetikum', 'بانگ'); var ENtrmAppellativeDefinite = TerminusEN('appellative-definite', 'appellativ-definit', 'شناسِ جنسی'); var ENtrmAppellativeIndefinite = TerminusEN('appellative-indefinite', 'appellativ-indefinit', 'ناشناسِ جنسی'); var ENtrmNomenQualitatis = TerminusEN('nomen qualitatis', 'Nomen Qualitatis', 'کنشِ چگونگی'); var ENtrmNomenAgentis = TerminusEN('nomen agentis', 'Nomen Agentis', 'صفتِ کنشگر'); var ENtrmNomenInstrumenti = TerminusEN('nomen instrumenti', 'Nomen Instrumenti', 'اسمِ ابزارِ کنش'); var ENtrmNomenPatientis = TerminusEN('nomen patientis', 'Nomen Patientis', 'صفتِ کنشپذیر'); var ENtrmNomenLoci = TerminusEN('nomen loci', 'Nomen Loci', 'اسمِ مکان'); var ENtrmDiminutive = TerminusEN('diminutive', 'Diminutivum', 'نامچه'); var ENtrmAdjective = TerminusEN('adjective', 'Adjektiv', 'صفت'); var ENtrmDegree = TerminusEN('degree', 'Komparation', 'نمودِ قیاسی'); var ENtrmPositive = TerminusEN('positive', 'Positiv', 'جامد'); var ENtrmComparative = TerminusEN('comparative', 'Komparativ', 'برتر'); var ENtrmSuperlative = TerminusEN('superlative', 'Superlativ', 'برترین'); var ENtrmElative = TerminusEN('elative', 'Elativ', 'کامل'); var ENtrmGradation = TerminusEN('gradation', 'Graduierung', 'پایهسنجی'); var ENtrmSimpleNomenAgentis = TerminusEN('simple nomen agentis', 'simples Nomen Agentis', 'صفتِ کنشگرِ ساده'); var ENtrmPerfectNomenAgentis = TerminusEN('perfect nomen agentis', 'perfektes Nomen Agentis', 'صفتِ کنشگرِ نقلی'); var ENtrmProgressiveNomenAgentis = TerminusEN('progressive nomen agentis', 'progressives Nomen Agentis', 'صفتِ کنشگرِ ملموس'); var ENtrmDeterminer = TerminusEN('determiner', 'Determinans', 'پردازه'); var ENtrmNumeral = TerminusEN('numeral', 'Numerale', 'شماره'); var ENtrmCountingNumeral = TerminusEN('counting numeral', 'Zählnumerale', 'شمارهیِ آمارشی'); var ENtrmNumeralPhrase = TerminusEN('numeral phrase', 'Numeralphrase', 'بندِ آمارشی'); var ENtrmDeletion = TerminusEN('deletion', 'Tilgung', 'افکندن'); var ENtrmProximateRedundancy = TerminusEN('proximate redundancy', 'proximate Redundanz', 'قرینهیِ ذکری'); var ENtrmObviativeRedundancy = TerminusEN('obviative redundancy', 'obviative Redundanz', 'قرینهیِ ذهنی'); var ENtrmCardinalNumeral = TerminusEN('cardinal numeral', 'Kardinalzahl', 'شمارهیِ ساده'); var ENtrmDislocation = TerminusEN('dislocation', 'Topikalisierung', 'برونگسست'); var ENtrmMixedNumeral = TerminusEN('mixed numeral', 'gemischte Zahl', 'شمارهیِ مرکّب'); var ENtrmDecimalFractionNumeral = TerminusEN('decimal fraction numeral', 'Dezimalbruchzahl', 'شمارهیِ اعشاری'); var ENtrmMeasureWordNumeral = TerminusEN('measure word numeral', 'Zählwortzahl', 'شمارهیِ یگاندار'); var ENtrmMeasureWord = TerminusEN('measure word', 'Zählwort', 'یگان'); var ENtrmDeterminativeFocus = TerminusEN('determinative focus', 'Determinativfokus', 'کانونِ پرداخت'); var ENtrmPartitiveNumeral = TerminusEN('partitive numeral', 'Partitivum', 'شمارهیِ بخشی'); var ENtrmFractionNumeral = TerminusEN('fraction numeral', 'Bruchzahl', 'شمارهیِ کسری'); var ENtrmPercentageNumeral = TerminusEN('percentage numeral', 'Prozentzahl', 'شمارهیِ درسدی'); var ENtrmMultiplicativeNumeral = TerminusEN('multiplicative numeral', 'Multiplikativum', 'شمارهیِ نسبی'); var ENtrmOrdinalNumeral = TerminusEN('ordinal numeral', 'Ordinalzahl', 'شمارهیِ ترتیبی'); var ENtrmDistributiveNumeral = TerminusEN('distributive numeral', 'Distributivum', 'شمارهیِ گروهی'); var ENtrmDimensionalNumeral = TerminusEN('dimensional numeral', 'Dimensionalzahl', 'شمارهیِ بُعدی'); var ENtrmProportionalNumeral = TerminusEN('propostional numeral', 'Proportionalzahl', 'شمارهیِ تناسبی'); var ENtrmPronoun = TerminusEN('pronoun', 'Pronomen', 'ضمیر'); var ENtrmNumeralPronoun = TerminusEN('numeral pronoun', 'Numeralpronomen', 'ضمیرِ شمارشی'); var ENtrmPersonalPronoun = TerminusEN('personal pronoun', 'Personalpronomen', 'ضمیرِ شخصی'); var ENtrmDeterminativization = TerminusEN('determinativization', 'Determinativierung', 'پردازهشدن'); var ENtrmPossessivePronoun = TerminusEN('possessive pronoun', 'Possessivpronomen', 'ضمیرِ دارائی'); var ENtrmReflexivePronoun = TerminusEN('refrexive pronoun', 'Reflexivpronomen', 'ضمیرِ بازتابی'); var ENtrmIntensivePronoun = TerminusEN('intensive pronoun', 'Intensivpronomen', 'ضمیرِ کانونی'); var ENtrmReciprocalPronoun = TerminusEN('reciprocal pronoun', 'Peziprokpronomen', 'ضمیرِ رو به روئی'); var ENtrmDemonstrativePronoun = TerminusEN('demonstrative pronoun', 'Demonstrativpronomen', 'ضمیرِ اشاره'); var ENtrmIndefinitiveDemonstrativePronoun = TerminusEN('indefinitive demonstrative pronoun', 'indefinitives Demonstrativpronomen', 'ضمیرِ اشارهیِ مبهم'); var ENtrmAppellativePersonalPronoun = TerminusEN('appellative personal pronoun', 'appellatives Personalpronomen', 'ضمیرِ شخصیِ جنسی'); var ENtrmDistributivePronoun = TerminusEN('distributive pronoun', 'Distributivpronomen', 'ضمیرِ پخشی'); var ENtrmDifferentialPronoun = TerminusEN('differential pronoun', 'Differentialpronomen', 'ضمیرِ تمایزی'); var ENtrmAssociativePronoun = TerminusEN('associative pronoun', 'Assoziativpronomen', 'ضمیرِ همگانی'); var ENtrmInexistentialPronoun = TerminusEN('inexistential pronoun', 'Inexistenzialpronomen', 'ضمیرِ تهی'); var ENtrmSelectivePronoun = TerminusEN('selective pronoun', 'Selektivpronomen', 'ضمیرِ گزینشی'); var ENtrmQualificativePronoun = TerminusEN('qualificative pronoun', 'Qualifikativpronomen', 'ضمیرِ چگونگی'); var ENtrmPartitivePronoun = TerminusEN('partitive pronoun', 'Partitivpronomen', 'ضمیرِ بخشی'); var ENtrmQuantificativePronoun = TerminusEN('quantificative pronoun', 'Quantifikativpronomen', 'ضمیرِ اندازه'); var ENtrmExclamativePronoun = TerminusEN('exclamative pronoun', 'Exklamativpronomen', 'ضمیرِ شگفتی'); var ENtrmElativePronoun = TerminusEN('elative pronoun', 'Elativpronomen', 'ضمیرِ تکمیلی'); var ENtrmMultiplicativePronoun = TerminusEN('multiplicative pronoun', 'Multiplikativpronomen', 'ضمیرِ نسبی'); var ENtrmInterrogativePronoun = TerminusEN('interrogative pronoun', 'Interrogativpronomen', 'ضمیرِ پرسشی'); var ENtrmGrammaticalCategory = TerminusEN('grammatical category', 'grammatische Kategorie', 'نمودِ دستوری'); var ENtrmPronominalConcord = TerminusEN('pronominal concord', 'pronominale Kongruenz', 'همنوازیِ ضمیری'); var ENtrmPronominalDiscord = TerminusEN('pronominal discord', 'pronominale Inkongruenz', 'ناهمنوازیِ ضمیری'); var ENtrmAppositionalConcord = TerminusEN('appositional concord', 'appositionale Kongruenz', 'همنوازیِ بدلی'); var ENtrmDislocationalConcord = TerminusEN('dislocational concord', 'topikalisatorische Kongruenz', 'همنوازیِ برونگسستی'); var ENtrmVerbalConcord = TerminusEN('verbal concord', 'verbale Kongruenz', 'همنوازیِ فعلی'); var ENtrmVerbalDiscord = TerminusEN('verbal discord', 'verbale Inkongruenz', 'ناهمنوازیِ فعلی'); var ENtrmAdverb = TerminusEN('adverb', 'Adverb', 'ادات'); var ENtrmCoordination = TerminusEN('coordination', 'Koordination', 'همبستگی'); var ENtrmCopulativeComposition = TerminusEN('copulative composition', 'Kopulativkomposition', 'همنشانیِ زنجیرهای'); var ENtrmSyndeton = TerminusEN('syndeton', 'Syndeton', 'ساختِ میانجیدار'); var ENtrmAsyndeton = TerminusEN('asyndeton', 'Asyndeton', 'ساختِ بیمیانجی'); var ENtrmPolysyndeton = TerminusEN('polysyndeton', 'Polysyndeton', 'ساختِ پرمیانجی'); var ENtrmComposition = TerminusEN('composition', 'Komposition', 'همنشانی'); var ENtrmConjunct = TerminusEN('conjunct', 'Konjunkt', 'هموند'); var ENtrmCopulativeCoordination = TerminusEN('copulative coordination', 'kopulative Koordination', 'همبستگیِ زنجیرهای'); var ENtrmDisjunctiveCoordination = TerminusEN('disjuctive coordination', 'disjunktive Koordination', 'همبستگیِ گزینشی'); var ENtrmComma = TerminusEN('comma', 'Komma', 'نشانهیِ درنگ'); var ENtrmDvandva = TerminusEN('dvandva', 'Dvandva', 'دواندوا'); var ENtrmDeterminativeComposition = TerminusEN('determinative composition', 'Determinativkomposition', 'همنشانیِ پردازشی'); var ENtrmEndocentric = TerminusEN('endocentric', 'endozentrisch', 'درونگرا'); var ENtrmExocentric = TerminusEN('exocentric', 'exozentrisch', 'برونگرا'); var ENtrmBahuvrihi = TerminusEN('bahuvrihi', 'Bahuvrihi', 'بهو-وریهی'); var ENtrmTatpurusha = TerminusEN('tatpuruṣa', 'Tatpurusha', 'تاتپوروشا'); var ENtrmSynapsis = TerminusEN('synapsis', 'Synapsie', 'ساختِ برهنه'); var ENtrmNucleus = TerminusEN('nucleus', 'Nukleus', 'هسته'); var ENtrmModifier = TerminusEN('modifier', 'Madifikator', 'پیوسته'); var ENtrmGenitive = TerminusEN('genitive', 'Genitiv', 'پیوند'); var ENtrmQualitativeComposition = TerminusEN('qualitative composition', 'Qualitativkomposition', 'همنشانیِ وصفی'); var ENtrmSubstantialComposition = TerminusEN('substantial composition', 'Substantialkomposition', 'همنشانیِ بیانی'); var ENtrmExplicativeComposition = TerminusEN('explicative composition', 'Explikativkomposition', 'همنشانیِ توضیحی'); var ENtrmPossessiveComposition = TerminusEN('possessive composition', 'Possessivkomposition', 'همنشانیِ دارائی'); var ENmsgEpen1J = '16•a. (Using the epenthesis /j/ in front of the enclitical conjunction /-e/, if the nucleus ends with a vowel expect /o/ or /i/)'; var ENmsgEpenJ = 'See ' + ENmsgEpen1J + '.
'; var ENtrmQualitativeGenitive = TerminusEN('qualitative genitive', 'Qualitativgenitiv', 'پیوندِ وصفی'); var ENtrmSubstantialGenitive = TerminusEN('substantial genitive', 'Substantialgenitiv', 'پیوندِ بیانی'); var ENmsgEpen1H = '3•2•a. (Using the epenthesis /h/ in front of the enclitical article /-e/ after the vowels /ɒ/ and /e/)'; var ENmsgEpenH = 'See ' + ENmsgEpen1H + '.
'; var ENtrmExplicativeGenitive = TerminusEN('explicative genitive', 'Explikativgenitiv', 'پیوندِ توضیحی'); var ENtrmPossessiveGenitive = TerminusEN('possessive genitive', 'Possessivgenitiv', 'پیوندِ دارائی'); var ENtrmLemma = TerminusEN('lemma', 'Lemma', 'فرهنگواژه'); var ENtrmPartitiveGenitive = TerminusEN('partitive genitive', 'Partitivgenitiv', 'پیوندِ بخشی'); var ENtrmComitativeGenitive = TerminusEN('comitative genitive', 'Komitativgenitiv', 'پیوندِ اقترانی'); var ENtrmAdposition = TerminusEN('adposition', 'Adposition', 'برنهشت'); var ENtrmPreposition = TerminusEN('preposition', 'Präposition', 'پیشنهشت'); var ENtrmPostposition = TerminusEN('postposition', 'Postposition', 'پسنهشت'); var ENtrmCircumposition = TerminusEN('circumposition', 'Zirkumposition', 'پیرانهشت'); var ENtrmAdpositionalFocus = TerminusEN('adpositional focus', 'Adpositionalfokus', 'کانونِ برنهشت'); var ENtrmAttribute = TerminusEN('attribute', 'Attribut', 'نشان'); var ENtrmAttribution = TerminusEN('attribution', 'Attribuierung', 'نشانبخشی'); var ENtrmAttributiveFocus = TerminusEN('attributive focus', 'Attributivfokus', 'کانونِ نشان'); var ENtrmAmbiposition = TerminusEN('ambiposition', 'Ambiposition', 'برنهشتِ آزاد'); var ENtrmDifferentialReference = TerminusEN('differential reference', 'Differentialreferenz', 'مرجعِ تمایز'); var ENtrmVerbalRoot = TerminusEN('verbal root', 'Verbalwurzel', 'ریشهیِ فعل'); var ENtrmPhonotactics = TerminusEN('phonotactics', 'Phonotaktik', 'واجآرائی'); var ENtrmSandhi = TerminusEN('sandhi', 'Sandhi', 'سندهی'); var ENtrmEpenthesis = TerminusEN('epenthesis', 'Epenthese', 'آوایِ میانجی'); var ENtrmElision = TerminusEN('elision', 'Elision', 'حذف'); var ENtrmAssimilation = TerminusEN('assimilation', 'Assimilation', 'همگونسازی'); var ENtrmDissimilation = TerminusEN('dissimilation', 'Disssimilation', 'ناهمگونسازی'); var ENtrmAnticipative = TerminusEN('anticipative', 'antizipativ', 'پیشگرا'); var ENtrmPerseverative = TerminusEN('perseverative', 'perseverativ', 'پسگرا'); var ENtrmMetathesis = TerminusEN('metathesis', 'Metathese', 'قلب'); var ENtrmDiphthongization = TerminusEN('diphthongization', 'Diphthongierung', 'مرکّبسازیِ واکه'); var ENtrmMonophthongization = TerminusEN('monophthongization', 'Monophthongierung', 'سادهسازیِ واکه'); var ENtrmDentalSuffix = TerminusEN('dental suffix', 'Dentalsuffix', 'پسوندِ دندانی'); var ENtrmMutation = TerminusEN('mutation', 'Mutation', 'دگردیسی'); var ENtrmHomorganic = TerminusEN('homorganic', 'homorganisch', 'همنشین'); var ENtrmPlaceOfArticulation = TerminusEN('place of articulation', 'Artikulationsort', 'واجگاه'); var ENtrmSonorization = TerminusEN('sonorization', 'Sonorisierung', 'واکدار کردن'); var ENtrmArticle = TerminusEN('acticle', 'Artikel', 'پردازهیِ شناختی'); var ENtrmApophony = TerminusEN('apophony', 'Apophonie', 'دگردیسیِ واکهای'); var ENtrmIndoEuropeanAblaut = TerminusEN('Indo-European ablaut', 'indoeuropäischer Ablaut', 'واکهآرائیِ هند و اروپائی'); var ENtrmGrammaticalAlteration = TerminusEN('grammatical alteration', 'grammatischer Wechsel', 'واکدار کردنِ همخوانهایِ سایشی'); var ENtrmVernersLaw = TerminusEN('Verner´s Law', 'Vernersches Gesetz', 'دستورِ ورنر'); var ENtrmReduplication = TerminusEN('reduplication', 'Reduplikation', 'سربارسازی'); var ENtrmReduplicate = TerminusEN('reduplicate', 'Reduplikat', 'سربار'); var ENtrmReduplicationalFocus = TerminusEN('reduplicational focus', 'Reduplikationsfokus', 'کانونِ سربار'); var ENtrmNonFiniteVerbForm = TerminusEN('non-finite verb form', 'infinite Verbform', 'بنِ فعل'); var ENtrmLexicalAspect = TerminusEN('lexical aspect', 'Aktionsart', 'نمودِ کنشی'); var ENtrmStative = TerminusEN('stative', 'statisch', 'پایا'); var ENtrmDynamic = TerminusEN('dynamic', 'dynamisch', 'پویا'); var ENtrmPunctual = TerminusEN('punctual', 'punktuell', 'لحظهای'); var ENtrmDurative = TerminusEN('durative', 'durativ', 'تداومی'); var ENtrmTransitivity = TerminusEN('transitivity', 'Transitivität', 'نمودِ مفعولی'); var ENtrmIntransitive = TerminusEN('intransitive', 'intransitiv', 'لازم'); var ENtrmTransitive = TerminusEN('transitive', 'transitiv', 'متعدّی'); var ENtrmInfinitive = TerminusEN('infinitive', 'Infinitiv', 'مصدر'); var ENtrmAnalogy = TerminusEN('analogy', 'Analogie', 'همالگوسازی'); var ENtrmPastParticiple = TerminusEN('past participle', 'praeteritumpartizip', 'بنِ گذشته'); var ENtrmPresentParticiple = TerminusEN('present participle', 'Präsenspartizip', 'بنِ حال'); var ENtrmDiacritic = TerminusEN('diacritic', 'Diakritikum', 'نقطه'); var ENtrmPerfectParticiple = TerminusEN('perfect participle', 'Perfektpartizip', 'بنِ نقلی'); var ENtrmPresumptiveParticiple = TerminusEN('Subjunctive participle', 'Präsumptivpartizip', 'بنِ گمانی'); var ENtrmNominalParticiple = TerminusEN('nominal participle', 'Nominalpartizip', 'بنِ اسمی'); var ENtrmVerb = TerminusEN('verb', 'Verb', 'فعل'); var ENtrmVerbParticle = TerminusEN('verb particle', 'Verbpartikel', 'اداتِ فعلی'); var ENmsgNemi = 'See 19•b•c. (anticipative assimilation of the vowel /æ/ in the prefix /næ-/ into the allophone [e] in the modern, more western idioms (particularly in the standard language of Iran), if it is set in front of the proclitical adverb /mi-/).
'; var ENtrmInfinitus = TerminusEN('infinitus', 'Infinitus', 'گزارهیِ همگانی'); var ENtrmConjugation = TerminusEN('conjugation', 'Konjugation', 'فعلپردازی'); var ENtrmVoice = TerminusEN('voice', 'Diathese', 'نمودِ نهادی'); var ENtrmActive = TerminusEN('active', 'aktiv', 'معلوم'); var ENtrmPassive = TerminusEN('passive', 'passive', 'مجهول'); var ENtrmTense = TerminusEN('tense', 'Tempus', 'نمودِ زمانی'); var ENtrmTemporalReferencePoint = TerminusEN('temporal reference point', 'temporaler Referenzpunkt', 'زمانِ مرجع'); var ENtrmPast = TerminusEN('past', 'Präteritum', 'گذشته'); var ENtrmPresent = TerminusEN('present', 'Präsens', 'حال'); var ENtrmFuture = TerminusEN('future', 'Futur', 'آینده'); var ENtrmPrePast = TerminusEN('pre-past', 'Vor-Präteritum', 'پیشوازِ گذشته'); var ENtrmPrePresent = TerminusEN('pre-present', 'Vor-Präsens', 'پیشوازِ حال'); var ENtrmPreFuture = TerminusEN('pre-future', 'Vor-Futur', 'پیشوازِ آینده'); var ENtrmPostPast = TerminusEN('post-past', 'Nach-Präteritum', 'دنبالهیِ گذشته'); var ENtrmPostPresent = TerminusEN('post-present', 'Nach-Präsens', 'دنبالهیِ حال'); var ENtrmPostFuture = TerminusEN('post-future', 'Nach-Futur', 'دنبالهیِ آینده'); var ENtrmGrammaticalAspect = TerminusEN('grammatical aspect', 'Aspekt', 'نمودِ روندی'); var ENtrmPerfective = TerminusEN('perfective', 'perfektiv', 'جهشی'); var ENtrmImperfective = TerminusEN('imperfective', 'imperfektiv', 'روان'); var ENtrmProgressive = TerminusEN('progressive', 'progressiv', 'ملموس'); var ENtrmIterative = TerminusEN('iterative', 'iterativ', 'استمراری'); var ENtrmHabitual = TerminusEN('habitual', 'habituativ', 'آئینی'); var ENtrmMood = TerminusEN('mood', 'Modus', 'رویکرد'); var ENtrmIndicative = TerminusEN('indicative', 'Indikativ', 'گزارشی'); var ENtrmSuppletivism = TerminusEN('suppletivism', 'Suppletion', 'تکواژگذاری'); var ENmsgElisionAst_a1 = '14•1•c•a (elision of the initial vowel /æ/ from the enclitical suppletive verb /-æst/ است, if it is placed after a vowel)'; var ENmsgElisionAst_e1 = '14•1•c•a (combinative variation of the vowel /e/ into the allophone [æ], if it is folllowed by this suppletive verb)'; var ENmsgElisionAst_a = 'See ' + ENmsgElisionAst_a1 + '.
'; var ENmsgElisionAst_e = 'See the rules:
See 11•c. (elision of the vowel /e/ from the preposition /ze/ زِ in front of vowels)
'; var ENtrmFinalClause = TerminusEN('final clause', 'Finalsatz', 'بندِ هدف'); var ENtrmConditionalClause = TerminusEN('conditional clause', 'Konditionalsatz', 'بندِ شرط'); var ENtrmConcessiveClause = TerminusEN('concessive clause', 'Konzessivsatz', 'بندِ تنش'); var ENtrmProportionalClause = TerminusEN('proportional clause', 'Proportionalsatz', 'بندِ نسبت'); var ENtrmConjunction = TerminusEN('conjunction', 'Konjunktion', 'میانجی'); var ENtrmLimitativeClause = TerminusEN('limitative clause', 'Limitativsatz', 'بندِ پایان'); var ENtrmDental = TerminusEN('dental', 'Dental', 'دندانی'); var ENmsgJ2 = 'See ' + ENmsg1J + '.
If such a present participle is accompanied by a suffix beginning with another vowel than /i/, only this allomorph with the consonant /j/ is applied.
';